LoRa-Based Flood Early Warning System

Overview

The LoRa-Based Flood Early Warning System is a connected monitoring and alert prototype designed to detect rising water levels and provide early warning in real time.

An ultrasonic sensor measures water level, while LoRa communication allows multiple nodes to exchange data over long distances without relying on conventional internet connectivity.

How It Works

Water-level data is continuously measured by the sensor node and transmitted through LoRa to connected warning nodes.

When the configured warning level is reached, the system can automatically activate a 120 dB siren to alert nearby communities or operators.

The system also supports manual activation, allowing an operator to trigger the warning when necessary.

Hardware

• ESP32 microcontroller
• LoRa communication modules
• ultrasonic water-level sensor
• 120 dB warning siren
• local display and control buttons
• power and control electronics
• protected sensor and controller enclosures

Key Features

• real-time water-level monitoring
• long-range LoRa communication
• multiple connected nodes
• automatic flood-warning activation
• manual siren control
• high-power 120 dB audible alert
• operation without continuous internet connectivity
• modular sensor and warning-node architecture

System Flow

Water Level → Ultrasonic Sensor → ESP32 → LoRa → Warning Node → Siren

Multiple LoRa nodes can communicate within the system to share warning information across different locations.

Current Status

The system was developed as a completed working prototype combining sensing, long-range communication, embedded control, and public warning functionality.

It demonstrates a practical approach to low-cost community flood early warning where reliable internet connectivity may not always be available.